Free cutting
Automotive , Energy , Mechanical engineering
The metallurgy of free cutting steels is first determined by their expected machinability. The second parameters to take into account are the final mechanical properties required.
Very high mechanical properties can require alloying elements, heat treatment such as quenching and tempering, or surface treatment such as inductive hardening or case hardening.
Machining behaviour is obtained through specific alloying. Historically, lead (Pb) was the element used to improve machinability for its lubricating effect. Nowadays, lead-free grades have been developed using calcium, tellurium, bismuth, selenium, etc. Sulphur influences inclusion morphology and improves tool life.
Special steel grades have been developed for improved fatigue requirements while keeping high machinability levels.
Key properties
Machinability
Grade analysis
Surface quality
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Pb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Material No. | % | % | % | % | % | % |
| 11SMn30 | 1.0715 | max. 0.14 | max. 0.05 | 0.90-1.30 | max. 0.11 | 0.27-0.33 | - |
| 11SMnPb30 | 1.0718 | max. 0.14 | max. 0.05 | 0.90-1.30 | max. 0.11 | 0.27-0.33 | 0.20-0.35 |
| 11SMn37 | 1.0736 | max. 0.14 | max. 0.05 | 1.00-1.50 | max. 0.11 | 0.34-0.40 | - |
| 11SMnPb37 | 1.0737 | max. 0.14 | max. 0.05 | 1.00-1.50 | max. 0.11 | 0.34-0.40 | 0.20-0.35 |
| SAE1215 | 1.9704 | max. 0.05 | - | 0.75-1.05 | 0.04-0.05 | 0.26-0.35 | - |
| SAE1214 | 1.0718 | max. 0.15 | - | 0.85-1.15 | 0.04-0.05 | 0.26-0.35 | 0.15-0.35 |
| C10Pb | - | 0.06-0.12 | max. 0.04 | 0.25-0.50 | max. 0.045 | max. 0.045 | 0.15-0.30 |
| 10S20 | 1.0721 | 0.07-0.13 | max. 0.04 | 0.70-1.10 | max. 0.06 | 0.15-0.25 | - |
| 10S20Pb | 1.0722 | 0.07-0.13 | max. 0.04 | 0.70-1.10 | max. 0.06 | 0.15-0.25 | 0.20-0.35 |
| 35S20 | 1.0726 | 0.32-0.39 | max. 0.04 | 0.70-1.10 | max. 0.06 | 0.15-0.25 | - |
| 35Sppb20 | 1.0756 | 0.32-0.39 | max. 0.04 | 0.70-1.10 | max. 0.06 | 0.15-0.25 | 0.15-0.25 |
| 36SMn14 | 1.0764 | 0.32-0.39 | max. 0.04 | 1.30-1.70 | max. 0.06 | 0.10-0.18 | - |
| 36SMnPb14 | 1.0765 | 0.32-0.39 | max. 0.04 | 1.30-1.70 | max. 0.06 | 0.10-0.18 | 0.15-0.25 |
| 38SMn28 | 1.0760 | 0.35-0.40 | max. 0.04 | 1.20-1.50 | max. 0.06 | 0.24-0.33 | - |
| 38SMnPb28 | 1.0761 | 0.35-0.40 | max. 0.04 | 1.20-1.50 | max. 0.06 | 0.24-0.33 | 0.15-0.35 |
| 44SMn28 | 1.0762 | 0.40-0.48 | max. 0.04 | 1.30-1.70 | max. 0.06 | 0.24-0.33 | - |
| 44SMnPb28 | 1.0763 | 0.40-0.48 | max. 0.04 | 1.30-1.70 | max. 0.06 | 0.24-0.33 | 0.15-0.35 |
| 46S20 | 1.0727 | 0.42-0.50 | max. 0.04 | 0.70-1.10 | max. 0.06 | 0.15-0.25 | - |
| 46SPb20 | 1.0757 | 0.42-0.50 | max. 0.04 | 0.70-1.10 | max. 0.06 | 0.15-0.25 | 0.15-0.35 |
| C45Pb | - | 0.42-0.50 | max. 0.40 | 0.50-0.80 | max. 0.045 | max. 0.045 | 0.15-0.30 |
| 16MnCrS5Pb | - | 0.14-0.19 | max. 0.40 | 1.00-1.30 | max. 0.025 | max. 0.035 | 0.20-0.35 |
ArcelorMittal at Wire 2022
Committing to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 and reducing CO2 emissions by 35%
Latest news
14 October 2024
Our full WindEnergy video is now live
Our full WindEnergy video is now live 🙌 ! Hear from our team and see their presence at the event. Wa...
Find out more
27 September 2024
XCarb® recycled and renewably produced in the spotlight at WindEnergy in Hamburg
Six ArcelorMittal entities joined forces this week, bringing together our colleagues from multiple c...
Find out more
16 September 2024
ArcelorMittal at WindEnergy Hamburg 2024: Smarter steels for people and planet
ArcelorMittal is excited to announce our participation at WindEnergy Hamburg 2024, taking place from...
Find out more
17 June 2024
ArcelorMittal introduces latest developments at Wire and Tube fair
Low carbon-emissions steel on the way: XCarb® recycled and renewably produced steel, made with a hig...
Find out more
16 April 2024
Museum of the History of Polish Jews reinforced with ArcelorMittal rebars
Located in the former heart of Jewish Warsaw, the new Museum of the History of Polish Jews is a mode...
Find out more
1 April 2024
Get your shopping list ready for the 64,000 m² shopping centre in Warsaw
Galeria Północna, a modern and functional new shopping centre has opened its doors in Warsaw (Poland...
Find out more
1 April 2024
Krybar® in the Al-Zour LNG project in Kuwait
As from 2020, Kuwait will have a new liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal, located near Kuwait City ...
Find out more
1 April 2024
ArcelorMittal helps Warsaw grow
To contribute to the expansion of Warsaw underground, ArcelorMittal Europe – Long Products supplied ...
Find out more
29 March 2024
LISI AUTOMOTIVE and ArcelorMittal join forces to help transform the automotive industry with XCarb® recycled and renewably produced low carbon-emissions steel
Committing to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 and reducing CO2 emissions by 35% by 2030 in Europe,...
Find out more
22 March 2024
The XCarb® Recycled and renewably produced EPD is now available for rebars
After the announcement in July of the two first Environmental Production Declarations (EPDs) for its...
Find out more
22 March 2024
ArcelorMittal Hamburg delivers the first tonnes of XCarb® recycled and renewably produced wire rod to Waelzholz
As part of their business partnership, ArcelorMittal will supply Waelzholz with XCarb® recycled and ...
Find out more
22 March 2024
ArcelorMittal at Wire 2022
Committing to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 and reducing CO2 emissions by 35%
Find out more
Other automotive applications
Bearing
Bearing steels are exposed to fatigue and high contact loads. Final hardness can be obtained by thro...
Read More
Drawing and Cold rolling
Carbon steel grades for wire rod are classified in three families: low, medium and high carbon. The ...
Read More
Welding
Steel welding grades are developed to guarantee coherent chemical and mechanical properties between ...
Read More