Drawing and Cold rolling

Automotive , Construction & infrastructure , Energy , Mechanical engineering

Bearing Chains Cold heading Forging Free cutting Alloyed Spring Steel cord, hose wire, bead wire Welding Prestressed concrete

Carbon steel grades for wire rod are classified in three families: low, medium and high carbon. The European standard EN 16120 for carbon grades defines a large range of grades with a carbon content from 0.03% to 1%. 

Carbon content is the first parameter for obtaining the final mechanical properties defined by international standards (EN, ASTM, JIS,…). For a wider range of properties, alloying elements such as boron, titanium, vanadium or chromium can be added.　 

The second parameter is strain hardening, induced by the drawing or rolling process. Specific customers’ requirements influence steel production standards to meet expected surface quality and ability for descaling or ultimate coating.

Key properties

Grade analysis
Microstructure homogeneity
Surface quality and descaling ability

Evolution of tensile properties (yield strength, tensile strength, reduction of area) with strain hardening for low and high carbon grades

  CSiMnPSCrNiCuAlTS*
NameMaterial No.%%%%%%%%%MPa
---max.max.max.max.max.max.-
C2D11.1185max. 0.03max. 0.050.10-0.350.020.020.100.100.100.01330
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350
C3D11.1187max. 0.05max. 0.050.20-0.400.0250.0250.100.100.100.05350

Production sites for drawing and cold rolling applications

Locations map

Drawing and cold rolling

CarbonLowMediumHigh
Duisburg check check check
Gandrange check check check
Hamburg check check check
Sonasid check   
Sosnowiec check check check
Warszawa check check  
Zenica check check check

XCarb® Towards carbon neutral steel

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